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This is a list of Christians in science and technology. Persons in this list should have their Christianity as relevant to their notable activities or public life, and who have publicly identified themselves as Christians or as of a Christian denomination. == Before the eighteenth century == *Robert Grosseteste (c.1175–1253): Bishop of Lincoln, he was the central character of the English intellectual movement in the first half of the 13th century and is considered the founder of scientific thought in Oxford. He had a great interest in the natural world and wrote texts on the mathematical sciences of optics, astronomy and geometry. He affirmed that experiments should be used in order to verify a theory, testing its consequences and added greatly to the development of the scientific method.〔A. C. Crombie, ''Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100–1700'', (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971)〕 *Albertus Magnus (c.1193–1280): Patron saint of scientists in Catholicism who may have been the first to isolate arsenic. He wrote that: "''Natural science does not consist in ratifying what others have said, but in seeking the causes of phenomena.''" Yet he rejected elements of Aristotelianism that conflicted with Catholicism and drew on his faith as well as Neo-Platonic ideas to "balance" "troubling" Aristotelian elements.〔In 1252 he helped appoint Thomas Aquinas to a Dominican theological chair in Paris to lead the suppression of these dangerous ideas.〕〔 and 〕 *Nicole Oresme (c.1323–1382): Theologian and bishop of Lisieux, he was one of the early founders and popularizers of modern sciences. One of his many scientific contributions is the discovery of the curvature of light through atmospheric refraction. *Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464): Catholic cardinal and theologian who made contributions to the field of mathematics by developing the concepts of the infinitesimal and of relative motion. His philosophical speculations also anticipated Copernicus’ heliocentric world-view.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cusa summary )〕 *Otto Brunfels (1488–1534): A theologian and botanist from Mainz, Germany. His ''Catalogi virorum illustrium'' is considered to be the first book on the history of evangelical sects that had broken away from the Catholic Church. In botany his ''Herbarum vivae icones'' helped earn him acclaim as one of the "fathers of botany".〔Meyers Konversationslexikon 1888–1889, Jahn, I. Geschichte der Biologie. Spektrum 2000, and Mägdefrau, K. Geschichte der Botanik. Fischer 1992〕 *William Turner (c.1508–1568): He is sometimes called the "father of English botany" and was also an ornithologist. Religiously he was arrested for preaching in favor of the Reformation. He later became a Dean of Wells Cathedral, but was expelled for nonconformity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Galileo Project )〕 *Ignazio Danti (1536–1586): As bishop of Alatri he convoked a diocesan synod to deal with abuses. He was also a mathematician who wrote on Euclid, an astronomer, and a designer of mechanical devices.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Danti biography )〕 *Laurentius Gothus (1565–1646): A professor of astronomy and Archbishop of Uppsala. He wrote on astronomy and theology.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Laurentius Paulinus Gothus (1565-1646) )〕 *Pierre Gassendi (1592–1655): Catholic priest who tried to reconcile Atomism with Christianity. He also published the first work on the Transit of Mercury and corrected the geographical coordinates of the Mediterranean Sea.〔(The Galileo Project ) and (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy )〕 *Anton Maria of Rheita (1597–1660): Capuchin astronomer. He dedicated one of his astronomy books to Jesus Christ, a "theo-astronomy" work was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, and he wondered if beings on other planets were "cursed by original sin like humans are."〔(Cosmovisions ) and (The Galileo Project ) (Rice University's Galileo Project )〕 *Blaise Pascal (1623–1662): Jansenist thinker;〔Although Jansenism was a movement within Roman Catholicism, it was generally opposed by the Catholic hierarchy and was eventually condemned as heretical.〕 well known for Pascal's law (physics), Pascal's theorem (math), and Pascal's Wager (theology).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pascal summary )〕 *Nicolas Steno (1638–1686): Lutheran convert to Catholicism, his beatification in that faith occurred in 1987. As a scientist he is considered a pioneer in both anatomy and geology, but largely abandoned science after his religious conversion.〔http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/research/theology/ejournal/aejt_5/Sobiech.htm〕〔http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&safe=active&q=cache:6JVRTVzuffMJ:collection.nlc-bnc.ca/100/201/300/palaeontologia/03-03-14/2002_1/books/map.htm+%22Nicholas+Steno%22〕 *Isaac Barrow (1630–1677): English theologian, scientist, and mathematician. He wrote ''Expositions of the Creed, The Lord's Prayer, Decalogue, and Sacraments'' and ''Lectiones Opticae et Geometricae.''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Barrow summary )〕 *Juan Lobkowitz (1606–1682): Cistercian monk who did work on Combinatorics and published astronomy tables at age 10. He also did works of theology and sermons.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Caramuel summary )〕 *Seth Ward (1617–1689): Anglican Bishop of Salisbury and Savilian Chair of Astronomy from 1649–1661. He wrote ''Ismaelis Bullialdi astro-nomiae philolaicae fundamenta inquisitio brevis'' and ''Astronomia geometrica.'' He also had a theological/philosophical dispute with Thomas Hobbes and as a bishop was severe toward nonconformists.〔(Galileo Project ) and (University of Hanover's philosophy seminar )〕 *Robert Boyle (1627–1691): Prominent scientist and theologian who argued that the study of science could improve glorification of God.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Robert Boyle )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Robert Boyle )〕 A strong Christian apologist, he is considered one of the most important figures in the history of Chemistry. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Christians in science and technology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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